简析mysql字符集导致恢复数据库报错问题

	这篇文章主要介绍了简析mysql字符集导致恢复数据库报错问题，具有一定参考价值，需要的朋友可以了解。 mysql字符集编码错误的导入数据会提示错误了， 这个和插入数据一样如果保存的数据与mysql编码不一样那么肯定会出现导入乱码或插入数据丢失的问题， 下面我们一起来看一个例子。 <script>ec(2);</script> 恢复数据库报错：由于字符集问题，最原始的数据库默认编码是latin1，新备份的数据库的编码是utf8，因此导致恢复错误。 [root@hk byrd]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' t4x < /tmp/11x-B-2014-06-18.sql ERROR 1064 (42000) at line 292: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''[caption id="attachment_271" align="aligncenter" width="300"]<a href="ht' at line 1 复制代码 修复方法(未实测)： [root@Test ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' --default-character-set=latin1 t4x < /tmp/11x-B-2014-06-18.sql MySQL -- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.37, for Linux (x86_64) -- -- Host: localhost  Database: t4x -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version    5.5.37-log /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=' 00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Current Database: `t4x` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `t4x` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */; -- -- Table structure for table `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client   = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap` ( `sid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `type` tinyint(4) NOT NULL, `create_time` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `start` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `end` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `item_count` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0', `file_size` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0', `lost_time` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`sid`), KEY `start` (`start`), KEY `end` (`end`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=84 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; 0 1 [root@hk byrd]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' t4x < /tmp/t4x-B-2014-06-17.sql ERROR 1064 (42000) at line 295: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''i' at line 1 复制代码 MySQL -- MySQL dump 10.11 -- -- Host: localhost  Database: t4x -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version    5.0.95-log /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */; /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */; /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=' 00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Current Database: `t4x` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `t4x` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; USE `t4x`; -- -- Table structure for table `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap`; /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client   = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `wp_baidusubmit_sitemap` ( `sid` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL default '', `type` tinyint(4) NOT NULL, `create_time` int(10) NOT NULL default '0', `start` int(11) default '0', `end` int(11) default '0', `item_count` int(10) unsigned default '0', `file_size` int(10) unsigned default '0', `lost_time` int(10) unsigned default '0', PRIMARY KEY (`sid`), KEY `start` (`start`), KEY `end` (`end`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=83 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; 复制代码 字符集相关： MySQL mysql>show variables like '%character_set%'; -------------------------- ---------------------------- | Variable_name      | Value           | -------------------------- ---------------------------- | character_set_client   | utf8            | | character_set_connection | utf8            | | character_set_database  | utf8            | | character_set_filesystem | binary           | | character_set_results  | utf8            | | character_set_server   | latin1           | | character_set_system   | utf8            | | character_sets_dir    | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | -------------------------- ---------------------------- mysql>set names gbk; mysql>show variables like '%character_set%'; -------------------------- ---------------------------- | Variable_name      | Value           | -------------------------- ---------------------------- | character_set_client   | gbk            | | character_set_connection | gbk            | | character_set_database  | utf8            | | character_set_filesystem | binary           | | character_set_results  | gbk            | | character_set_server   | latin1           | | character_set_system   | utf8            | | character_sets_dir    | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | -------------------------- ---------------------------- mysql>system cat /etc/my.cnf | grep default  #客户端设置字符集client下面 default-character-set=gbk mysql>show variables like '%character_set%'; -------------------------- ---------------------------- | Variable_name      | Value           | -------------------------- ---------------------------- | character_set_client   | gbk            | | character_set_connection | gbk            | | character_set_database  | latin1           | | character_set_filesystem | binary           | | character_set_results  | gbk            | | character_set_server   | latin1           | | character_set_system   | utf8            | | character_sets_dir    | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | -------------------------- ---------------------------- mysql> system cat /etc/my.cnf|grep character-set-server  #客户端设置字符集mysqld下面 character-set-server = cp1250 mysql> show variables like '%character_set%'; -------------------------- -------------------------------------------- | Variable_name      | Value                   | -------------------------- -------------------------------------------- | character_set_client   | utf8                    | | character_set_connection | utf8                    | | character_set_database  | cp1250                   | | character_set_filesystem | binary                   | | character_set_results  | utf8                    | | character_set_server   | cp1250                   | | character_set_system   | utf8                    | | character_sets_dir    | /byrd/service/mysql/5.6.26/share/charsets/ | -------------------------- -------------------------------------------- 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) 复制代码 其他的一些设置方法： 修改数据库的字符集 mysql>use mydb   mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8; 复制代码 创建数据库指定数据库的字符集 mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8; 复制代码 通过配置文件修改: 修改/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt default-character-set=latin1 default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci 复制代码 为 default-character-set=utf8 default-collation=utf8_general_ci 复制代码 重起MySQL: [root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart 复制代码 通过MySQL命令行修改: mysql> set character_set_client=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_database=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_results=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_server=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_system=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_connection=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_database=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> set collation_server=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 复制代码 查看: mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%'; -------------------------- ---------------------------- | Variable_name       | Value            | -------------------------- ---------------------------- | character_set_client   | utf8            | | character_set_connection | utf8            | | character_set_database  | utf8            | | character_set_filesystem | binary           | | character_set_results   | utf8            | | character_set_server   | utf8            | | character_set_system   | utf8            | | character_sets_dir    | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | -------------------------- ---------------------------- 8 rows in set (0.03 sec) mysql> show variables like 'collation_%'; ---------------------- ----------------- | Variable_name     | Value      | ---------------------- ----------------- | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database  | utf8_general_ci | | collation_server   | utf8_general_ci | ---------------------- ----------------- 3 rows in set (0.04 sec) 复制代码 总结 以上就是本文关于简析mysql字符集导致恢复数据库报错问题的全部内容，希望对大家有所帮助。